A Dynamic Clustering and Energy Efficient Routing Technique for Sensor Networks- IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS, VOL. 6, NO. 8,
– Glomosim

Abstract—
In the development of various large-scale sensor systems, a particularly challenging problem is how to dynamically organize the sensors into a wireless communication network and route sensed information from the field sensors to a remote base station. This paper presents a new energy-efficient dynamic clustering technique for large-scale sensor networks.
By monitoring the received signal power from its neighboring nodes, each node estimates the number of active nodes in realtime and computes its optimal probability of becoming a cluster head, so that the amount of energy spent in both intra- and inter-cluster communications can be minimized. Based on the clustered architecture, this paper also proposes a simple multihop routing algorithm that is designed to be both energy-efficient
and power-aware, so as to prolong the network lifetime. The new clustering and routing algorithms scale well and converge fast for large-scale dynamic sensor networks, as shown by our extensive simulation results.