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WHERE WE ARE
Hyper Lan- set of wireless Lan
1G-First Generation
 Speech
 2G-Second Generation
 SMS , MMS
 Voice Mail
3G-Third Generation
 Wireless Internet
 CDMA , GPRS , EDGE
 Video Calling
 Mobile TV
 High transfer rate
 Internet access any where
 Ability to move around with the same IP address
 Utilization of Smart antennas
 High resolution Mobile TV
 GSM/TDMA
 Time Division Multiplexing based access
 CDMA
 Code Division Multiplexing based access
 OFDM
 Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
3G Vs 4G
Service Evolution and Consensus
 Consented to achieve 500bit/s/Hz/km2
-HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access)
-MIMO
 WWI agreed peak rates of 100Mbit/s in mobile
situations1Gbit/s in nomadic/pedestrian situations
4G Process
 To operate large number of users
- Parent coverage
- Pico-cell coverage
 Mobile IP
 VoIP
 Ability to move around with the same IP address
 IP tunnels
 Intelligent Internet
 Presence Awareness Technology
 Knowing who is on line and where
 Radio Router
 Bringing IP to the base station
 Smart Antennas
 Unique spatial metric for each transmission
Key Technologies Required for 4G
OFDMA
-Time domain
-Space domain
-Frequency domain
MIMO
 Signal multiplexing between antennas
-Smart antennas
 Well suited to OFDM
 Coverage
 Parent coverage ------ Pico-cell coverage
Challenges
 Sufficient spectrum with associated sharing mechanisms.
 Coverage with two technologies.
 Caching technology in the network and terminals.
 OFDM and MIMO.
 IP mobility.
 Multi-technology distributed architecture.
 Fixed-mobile convergence (for indoor service).
 Network selection mechanisms.
 Life-Saving: Telemedicine
 Video Conferencing
 Telegeoprocessing: GIS,GPS
 Better Usage of Multimedia Applications
 Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) for IPv6
 Mobile Intelligent Internet and multi media applications
 Seamless Roaming, substantially high and selectable user bandwidth, customized QoS, Intelligent and responsive user interface
 Mobile IP, Radio Routers, smart Antennas
 Continued advances and challenges from 1G -> 4G
 Modulation techniques, transreceiver advances, fast manipulations, user interfaces, IP tunelling and firewalls
 Spectrum usage, regulatory decisions, “one” standard, authentication and security, multi disciplinary co-operation
 Packing so much intelligence in smaller and smaller physical space, esp. User Equipment (UE)
 IP + WPAN + WLAN + WMAN + WWAN + any other stragglers = 4G