Cryptovirology'' employs a twist on cryptography, showing that it can also be used offensively.It is used to unleash extortion based attacks that cause loss of access to information, loss of confidentiality, and information leakage, tasks which cryptography typically prevents.Thus cryptography when combined with rogue software (viruses, Trojan horses) can cause potential threats and attacks. cryptographic tools should be managed and audited in general purpose computing environments, and the access to cryptographic tools should be well rest ....etc

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1. INTRODUCTION
Cryptography is the science of keeping private information from unauthoaccess, of ensuring data integrity and authentication, and other tasks. In this survey will focus on quantum-cryptographic key distribution and bit commitment protocol we in particular will discuss their security. Before turning to quantum cryptograph me give a brief review of classical cryptography, its current challenges and it’s his development.
Two parties, Alice and Bob, wish to exchange messages via some in channel in a ....etc

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Definition
Quantum cryptography is an effort to allow two users of a common communication channel to create a body of shared and secret information. This information, which generally takes the form of a random string of bits, can then be used as a conventional secret key for secure communication. It is useful to assume that the communicating parties initially share a small amount of secret information, which is used up and then renewed in the exchange process, but even without this assumption exchanges are possible.

The advantage of quantum ....etc

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INTRODUCTION
RSA Algorithm was discovered by a group of three scientists namely Ron Rivest,Adi Shamir and Len Adleman and was first published in 1978.
The RSA scheme is a block cipher in which the plain text and cipher text are integers between 0 and n-1 for some n.
A Typical size of n is 1024 bits or 309 decimal digits.
This is a public key encryption scheme.
In this scheme two pairs of integers {e, n} and {d, n} are used. First of them i.e. {e.n} is called the RSA public key and the other one i.e. {d, n} is called t ....etc

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A Fully Distributed Proactively Secure Threshold-Multisignature Scheme

Abstract”Threshold-multisignature schemes combine the properties of threshold group-oriented signature schemes and multisignature schemes to yield a signature scheme that allows a threshold ðtÞ or more group members to collaboratively sign an arbitrary message. In contrast to threshold group signatures, the individual signers do not remain anonymous, but are publicly identifiable from the information contained in the valid threshold-multisignature. Th ....etc

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Seminar Report On
QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY
Submitted by
SANTHIMOL A. K.
In the partial fulfillment of requirements in degree of
Master of Technology in Computer and Information Science
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
COCHIN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
KOCHI-682022
2008 Page 2

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I thank GOD almighty for guiding me throughout the seminars. I would like to
thank all those who have contributed to the completion of the seminar and helped me
with valuable suggestions for improvement.
I am extremely gratef ....etc

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NTRU (Number Theory Research Unit)
Abstract
CRYPTOGRAPHY:
Cryptography is an algorithmic process of converting a plain text message to a cipher text message based on an algorithm that both the sender and receiver know, so that the cipher text message can be returned to its original, plain text form. In its cipher form, a message cannot be read by anyone other than the intended receiver. The act of converting a plain text message to its cipher text is called enciphering. Reversing that act is deciphering. Enciphering and ....etc

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ABSTRACT


Many organizations are working hard to secure themselves from the
growing threats of message hacking through various trends in
cryptography.Yet the headlines are dominated with the latest news of
message passing disaster more frequently than any time before.This
document intends to review this problem and propose several possible
solutions.The cryptographic industry has been responding to these
threats with ever-quicker responses to the rapid onslaught of malicious
techniques,while corp ....etc

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Cryptovirology'' employs a twist on cryptography, showing that it can also be used offensively.It is used to unleash extortion based attacks that cause loss of access to information, loss of confidentiality, and information leakage, tasks which cryptography typically prevents.Thus cryptography when combined with rogue software (viruses, Trojan horses) can cause potential threats and attacks. cryptographic tools should be managed and audited in general purpose computing environments, and the access to cryptographic tools should be well rest ....etc

[:=Read Full Message Here=:]

NTRU (Number Theory Research Unit)
Abstract
CRYPTOGRAPHY:
Cryptography is an algorithmic process of converting a plain text message to a cipher text message based on an algorithm that both the sender and receiver know, so that the cipher text message can be returned to its original, plain text form. In its cipher form, a message cannot be read by anyone other than the intended receiver. The act of converting a plain text message to its cipher text is called enciphering. Reversing that act is deciphering. Enciphering and ....etc

[:=Read Full Message Here=:]

A Fully Distributed Proactively Secure Threshold-Multisignature Scheme

Abstract”Threshold-multisignature schemes combine the properties of threshold group-oriented signature schemes and multisignature schemes to yield a signature scheme that allows a threshold ðtÞ or more group members to collaboratively sign an arbitrary message. In contrast to threshold group signatures, the individual signers do not remain anonymous, but are publicly identifiable from the information contained in the valid threshold-multisignature. Th ....etc

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