Microfabrication technology has been successful in producing a wide range of miniature sensors and mechanical devices. Of particular interest is the application of this technology to biological systems. For instance an immunobiosensor for a bacterial food toxin with a sensitivity of 1 ng/mL and miniature reaction chambers have been fabricated for DNA analysis sequencing by hybridization. The integration of sensors with other components, particularly fluidic devices, offers the promise of microsystems. A miniature positive displacement micropum ....etc

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INTRODUCTION

A. Relevance :-
The economic of India depends to a large extent on the wheels of transport. The specter of economy ruin due to depleted oil reserves has changed the interest of scientist and research work towards alternative fuels for motor vehicle. Viable substitute for motor spirit are gaseous hydrocarbons, hydrogen gas, alcohol & electricity that run on hydrocarbon gas & electricity are still in the experimental stage. While alcohol is used as a fuel chiefly in Brazil, it?s feas ....etc

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Definition
Biometrics refers to the automatic identification of a person based on his/her physiological or behavioral characteristics such as finger scan, retina, iris, voice scan, signature scan etc. This method of identification is preferred over traditional
methods involving passwords and PIN numbers for various reasons: the person to be identified is required to be physically present at the point-of-identification; identification based on biometric techniques obviates the need to remember a password or carry a token. With the increased us ....etc

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Diesel engines play a vital role in modern life , but it causes problems like pollution. One solution to avoid the ewin problem of environmental pollution and energy shortage will be a carefully planned gradual shift of our economy from fossil fuels to renewable sources of energy. These renewable sources of energy is mainly contributed by fuels of bio-origin.
The fuels of bio-origin may be alcohol,editable and non editable vegetable oils, biomass, biogas etc. Some of these fuels can be used directly while the others need to be formulated to b ....etc

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Soil erosion occurs wherever water meets land with great force to move the soil. This occurs along the stream banks or excess water flows over hill slopes. Erosion can be dramatic, especially after heavy rainfall or floods. Erosion can be severe, as is the case in many man-made lakes, where shorelines are composed of easily erodable soil. Traditional methods of controlling the erosion have relied on structural practices like riprap, retaining walls and sheet piles. In many cases, these
methods are expensive, ineffective or socially unacceptabl ....etc

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The interface between different fields is believed to be fertile ground for breakthrough research. The interface between the emerging fields of biotechnology and nanotechnology is particularly interesting. The possibilities for new fruit are diverse: biotechnology offers new approaches for self-assembly of structures at the nanoscale, while nanotechnology offers new methods for probing and accessing biological systems. In this talk, I will discuss research in this new frontier in my group, including 1) self-assembly of 2D nanocomponent arrays ....etc

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Definition

Wearable sensors and systems have evolved to the point that they can be considered ready for clinical application. The use of wearable monitoring devices that allow continuous or intermittent monitoring of physiological signals is critical for the advancement of both the diagnosis as well as treatment of diseases. Wearable systems are totally non-obtrusive devices that allow physicians to overcome the limitations of ambulatory technology and provide a response to the need for monitoring individuals over weeks or months.

They t ....etc

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Definition
Molecular computing is an emerging field to which chemistry, biophysics, molecular biology, electronic engineering, solid state physics and computer science contribute to a large extent. It involves the encoding, manipulation and retrieval of information at a macromolecular level in contrast to the current techniques, which accomplish the above functions via IC miniaturization of bulk devices. The biological systems have unique abilities such as pattern recognition, learning, self-assembly and self-reproduction as well as high speed ....etc

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Definition
Molecular computing is an emerging field to which chemistry, biophysics, molecular biology, electronic engineering, solid state physics and computer science contribute to a large extent. It involves the encoding, manipulation and retrieval of information at a macromolecular level in contrast to the current techniques, which accomplish the above functions via IC miniaturization of bulk devices. The biological systems have unique abilities such as pattern recognition, learning, self-assembly and self-reproduction as well as high speed ....etc

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Wearable sensors and systems have evolved to the point that they can be considered ready for clinical application. The use of wearable monitoring devices that allow continuous or intermittent monitoring of physiological signals is critical for the advancement of both the diagnosis as well as treatment of diseases. Wearable systems are totally non-obtrusive devices that allow physicians to overcome the limitations of ambulatory technology and provide a response to the need for monitoring individuals over weeks or months. They typically rely on w ....etc

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