22-03-2016, 08:27 PM
16-03-2017, 04:52 PM
A lottery is a form of legalized government gambling that involves drawing lots for a prize. Lotteries are proscribed by some governments, while others endorse it to the point of organizing a national or state lottery. It is common to find some degree of regulation of the lottery by governments; The most common regulation is the prohibition of selling to minors. Although lotteries were common in the United States and other countries during the nineteenth century, at the beginning of the twentieth century, most forms of gambling, including lotteries and sweepstakes, were illegal in the United States and most of Europe , As well as in many other countries. This remained so until well after World War II. In the 1960s casinos and lotteries began to reappear around the world as a means for governments to increase their incomes without raising taxes.
Lotteries come in many formats. For example, the prize may be a fixed amount of cash or property. In this format there is risk for the organizer if enough tickets are sold. More commonly, the prize fund will be a fixed percentage of revenue. A popular form of this is the "50-50" draw where the organizers promise that the prize will be 50% of the income. Many recent lotteries allow buyers to select numbers on the lottery ticket, resulting in the possibility of several winners.
The purchase of lottery tickets can not be accounted for by decision models based on the maximization of expected value. The reason is that lottery tickets cost more than the expected profit, as demonstrated by lottery math, so someone who maximizes expected value should not buy lottery tickets. However, lottery purchases can be explained by decision models based on the maximization of expected utility, since the curvature of the utility function can be adjusted to capture risk-seeking behavior. More general models based on utility functions defined in things other than lottery results may also explain the purchase of the lottery. In addition to lottery prizes, the ticket can allow some buyers to experience an excitement and enjoy a fantasy of getting rich. If the entertainment value (or other non-monetary value) obtained by playing is high enough for a given individual, then buying a lottery ticket could represent a profit in total profit. In such a case, the disutility of a monetary loss could be offset by the expected combined profit of monetary and non-monetary gain, thus making the purchase a rational decision for that person.
India
There are many lottery games taking place in India, all of which are run by state government organizations under the rules and regulations of the federal government. State governments, such as Kerala, Punjab, Goa and Sikkim, run their own lottery departments and conduct daily or weekly raffles. Kerala State Lotteries, established in 1967, under the Lottery Department by the Kerala Government was the first of its kind in India. The department was successful and has grown throughout the state of Kerala, contributing to the necessary and became the model to follow for other states to start their own lotteries.
Payment of prizes
Profits (in the United States) are not necessarily paid in a lump sum, contrary to the expectation of many lottery participants. In some countries, mainly the United States, the winner can choose between an annuity payment and a single payment. The single payment (cash or lump sum) is a "lesser" amount than the advertised jackpot (annuity), even before applying any withholding to which the prize is subject. While withholdings vary by jurisdiction and how the winnings are invested, it is suggested that the winner who chooses a fixed sum expects to pocket 1/3 of the boat announced at the end of the fiscal year. Therefore, a winner of a $ 100,000,000 pot that chooses cash can expect $ 33,333,333.33 net after filing the income tax document for the year in which the pot was won. Lottery annuities are often for a period of 20 to 30 years. Some lottery games in the United States, especially those that offer a "lifetime" prize, do not offer a lump sum option.
In some online lotteries, annual payments are only $ 25,000, with a balloon payment in the last year. This type of installment payment is often made through investing in government-backed securities. Online lotteries pay winners through their insurance backing. However, many winners choose a lump sum because they believe they can get a better rate of return on their investment elsewhere. In some countries, lottery winnings are not subject to personal income tax, so there are no tax consequences to consider when choosing a payment option. In France, Canada, Australia, Germany, Ireland, Italy, New Zealand, Finland and UK, all prizes are immediately paid as a lump sum, tax free for the winner. In Liechtenstein, all winnings are tax-free and the winner may choose to receive a lump sum or annuity in respect of Jackpot prizes. In the United States, federal courts have consistently held that lump sum payments received from third parties in exchange for lottery annuity rights are not capital goods for tax purposes. Rather, the overall amount is subject to the ordinary treatment of income tax.