07-03-2011, 03:12 PM
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LN2-PROPELLED CARS
INTRODUCTION
The importance of cars in the present world is increasing day by day. There are various factors that influence the choice of the car. These include performance, fuel, pollution etc.
As the prices for fuels are increasing and the availability is decreasing we have to go for alternative choice.
Here an automotive propulsion concept is presented which utilizes liquid nitrogen as the working fluid for an open Rankin cycle
WORKING PRINCIPLE
The basic idea of nitrogen propulsion system is to utilize the atmosphere as the heat source.
liquid nitrogen at -196°C is pressurized and then vaporized in a heat exchanger by the ambient temperature of the surrounding air .
The resulting high-pressure nitrogen gas is fed to an engine that operates like a reciprocating steam engine, converting pressure to mechanical power.
only heat input to the engine is supplied
by ambient heat exchangers.
No combustion chamber, zero emission.
This is in contrast to the typical heat engine where the atmosphere is used as the heat sink .
LINE DIAGRAM OF LIQUID NITROGEN PROPULSION CYCLE
1. LN2 Storage vessel
2. Pump.
3. Economizer.
4. Heat exchanger .
5. Expander Engine.
1.STORAGE VESSEL
Storage vessels are made somewhat like Thermos bottles with a vacuum space and special insulation, but they are not Thermos bottles
Pump
The pump is used to pump the liquid nitrogen into the engine.
The pump which are used for this purpose have an operating pressure ranging between 500 – 600 Psi.
As the pump, pumps liquid instead of gas, it is noticed that the efficiency is high.
Economizer
A preheater, called an economizer, uses leftover heat in the engine's exhaust to preheat the liquid nitrogen before it enters the heat exchanger.
Hence the economizer acts as a heat exchanger between the incoming liquid nitrogen and the exhaust gas which is left out
Heat Exchanger
Heat exchanger is critical component of the LN2 mobile.
They are to be designed in such a way that the can operate over wide range of temperatures
Pressure drop should be minimum
LN2-PROPELLED CARS
INTRODUCTION
The importance of cars in the present world is increasing day by day. There are various factors that influence the choice of the car. These include performance, fuel, pollution etc.
As the prices for fuels are increasing and the availability is decreasing we have to go for alternative choice.
Here an automotive propulsion concept is presented which utilizes liquid nitrogen as the working fluid for an open Rankin cycle
WORKING PRINCIPLE
The basic idea of nitrogen propulsion system is to utilize the atmosphere as the heat source.
liquid nitrogen at -196°C is pressurized and then vaporized in a heat exchanger by the ambient temperature of the surrounding air .
The resulting high-pressure nitrogen gas is fed to an engine that operates like a reciprocating steam engine, converting pressure to mechanical power.
only heat input to the engine is supplied
by ambient heat exchangers.
No combustion chamber, zero emission.
This is in contrast to the typical heat engine where the atmosphere is used as the heat sink .
LINE DIAGRAM OF LIQUID NITROGEN PROPULSION CYCLE
1. LN2 Storage vessel
2. Pump.
3. Economizer.
4. Heat exchanger .
5. Expander Engine.
1.STORAGE VESSEL
Storage vessels are made somewhat like Thermos bottles with a vacuum space and special insulation, but they are not Thermos bottles
Pump
The pump is used to pump the liquid nitrogen into the engine.
The pump which are used for this purpose have an operating pressure ranging between 500 – 600 Psi.
As the pump, pumps liquid instead of gas, it is noticed that the efficiency is high.
Economizer
A preheater, called an economizer, uses leftover heat in the engine's exhaust to preheat the liquid nitrogen before it enters the heat exchanger.
Hence the economizer acts as a heat exchanger between the incoming liquid nitrogen and the exhaust gas which is left out
Heat Exchanger
Heat exchanger is critical component of the LN2 mobile.
They are to be designed in such a way that the can operate over wide range of temperatures
Pressure drop should be minimum