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Introduction
Robotics is the science and technology of robots, their design, manufacture, and application. Robotics requires a working knowledge of electronics, mechanics and software, and is usually accompanied by a large working knowledge of many subjects. A person working in the field is a roboticist.
Although the appearance and capabilities of robots vary vastly, all robots share the features of a mechanical, movable structure under some form of autonomous control. The structure of a robot is usually mostly mechanical and can be called a kinematic chain (its functionality being akin to the skeleton of the human body). The chain is formed of links (its bones), actuators (its muscles) and joints which can allow one or more degrees of freedom. Most contemporary robots use open serial chains in which each page link connects the one before to the one after it. These robots are called serial robots and often resemble the human arm. Some robots, such as the Stewart platform, use closed parallel kinematic chains. Other structures, such as those that mimic the mechanical structure of humans, various animals and insects, are comparatively rare. However, the development and use of such structures in robots is an active area of research (e.g. biomechanics). Robots used as manipulators have an end effector mounted on the last link. This end effector can be anything from a welding device to a mechanical hand used to manipulate the environment.
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SUBMITTED TO:
PROF. RIJU TRIVEDI
SUBMITTED BY:
HARSH CHHAJED
CS IV year/VII sem
WHAT IS A ROBOT:-
“A REPROGRAMMABLE, MULTIFUNCTIONAL MANIPULATOR DESIGNED TO MOVE MATERIAL, PARTS, TOOLS, OR SPECIALIZED DEVICES THROUGH VARIOUS PROGRAMMED MOTION FOR THE PERFORMANCE OF A VARIETY OF TASKS”
Features of robots:-
• Programmability:-
Such that the robot has
computation or symbol manipulative capabilities. This means that a robot is a computer.
• Mechanical Capability:-
So the robot may act
by means of effectors on its environment perceived by sensors. So a robot is more than just a computational device.
• Flexibility:-
Allows it to operate
with a range of programs in a variety of ways.Thus a robot is more than a simple programmable device, it must be able to act on its environment to fulfill a task.
Types of Robots
Simple Level Robots :- Are automatic machines that are extends human potential.
Do work that humans can but should not do.
Middle Level Robots :- Are programmable
multipurpose,electromecha
-nical machines.Do work that humans normally do.
Complex Level Robots :- Are re-programmable
multifunctional,manipulators.
Are designed to move materials,tools and parts through programmed paths. Are suited for variety of tasks.
ROBOT MOVEMENT
The robot has mainly six movements
ARM AND BODY MOTION:
1. Vertical traverse: Up and down motions of the arm,
caused by pivoting the entire arm
about a horizontal axis or moving
the arm along a vertical slide.
2. Radial traverse: In and out movement.
3. Rotational traverse: Rotation about the vertical axis.